Gout is a rheumatic disease caused by the accumulation of monosodium urate (NaU) crystals in peripheral joints, most commonly the big toe’s metatarsophalangeal joint. These crystals trigger intense pain, swelling, and redness. Gout arises from elevated uric acid levels, due to increased production or reduced excretion, often linked to rapid cell turnover, certain medications, or alcohol use. Uric acid crystals activate the immune system, leading to neutrophil recruitment and inflammatory enzyme release, resulting in acute, painful joint inflammation. Globally, gout prevalence is projected to reach 95.8 million by 2050.